Tsiku Losinthidwa: 22.10.2022
Mipingo yakale ya Istanbul
Istanbul ndi mzinda wa zipembedzo zosiyanasiyana kwa zaka mazana ambiri. Pokhala pakati pa mphambano zapakati pa Europe ndi Asia, anthu otukuka ambiri adadutsa m'derali ndikusiya zotsalira zambiri. Lero mukhoza kuona akachisi a zipembedzo zitatu zazikulu kumbali ya mzake; Chikhristu, Chiyuda, ndi Chisilamu. Kulengezedwa likulu la dziko Ufumu wa Roma mu 4 zaka za Constantine Wamkulu, Istanbul anakhalanso likulu la Chikhristu. Mfumu yomweyi inalengeza kuti Chikhristu ndi chipembedzo chovomerezeka, matchalitchi ambiri anatsegulidwa mumzindawu n’kuyamba kukhala malo olambirira. Ena a iwo adatembenuzidwira ku Misikiti pakufika kwa Ottoman popeza Ottomans anali Asilamu ambiri, ndipo Asilamu Anayamba kukwera m'zaka za zana la 15. Koma chinthu china chimene chinachitika m’zaka za m’ma 15 chinali kulankhulana kwakale kwa Ayuda ochokera ku Peninsula ya Iberia. Kalelo, Sultan anawatumizira kalata yofotokoza kuti akhoza kubwera ku Istanbul ndi kuchita zimene amakhulupirira momasuka. Izi zidapangitsa Ayuda ambiri mzaka za 15 kubwera ku mzinda wa Istanbul.
Chifukwa cha zimenezi, zipembedzo zitatu zinayamba kuchoka limodzi m’zaka za m’ma 15. Gulu lirilonse linali ndi madera ake mumzinda momwe akanakhala ndi akachisi, masukulu, ndi chirichonse chomwe angafune monga gawo la moyo wawo wa chikhalidwe. Iwo akhoza ngakhale kukhala ndi makhoti awo. Anthu aŵiri achipembedzo chimodzi akakangana, amapita kukhoti lawo. Pokhapokha ngati pali mkangano pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi zipembedzo zosiyana, ndiye kuti makhoti achisilamu ndi malo oti azipitako ngati khoti lodziyimira palokha.
Zonse pano pali mndandanda wa mipingo yofunika mumzinda wa Istanbul;
Mary of the Mongols Church (Maria Muhliotissa)
Tchalitchi chokhacho kuchokera mu nthawi ya Aroma chomwe chikugwirabe ntchito ngati tchalitchi ndi Mary wa Mongols Church ku Fener dera la Istanbul. Mu chilankhulo cha Turkey chotchedwa Bloody Church (Kanlı Kilise). Mpingo uli ndi nkhani yosangalatsa ya Roprincess. Kuti akhale ndi ubale wabwino ndi Emperor wapakati wa Asiamarryan amatumiza mdzukulu wake ku Mongolia kuti akakwatire mfumu ya ku Mongolia, Hulagu Khan. Mfumukazi Mary atafika ku Mongolia, anakwatiwa ndi mfumu, Hulagu Khan, yemwe anamwalira ndipo amamupempha kuti akwatire mfumu yatsopano, mwana wa Hulagu, Abaka Khan. Pambuyo paukwati, mfumu yatsopanoyo imamwaliranso ndipo mkwatibwi adayamba kuimbidwa mlandu wotembereredwa ndikubwezeredwa ku Constantinople komwe adakhala masiku ake omaliza ku nyumba ya amonke yomwe adatsegula. Uyu anali Maria wa Mpingo wa Mongols. Pambuyo pa kugonjetsedwa kwa Istanbul, ndi chilolezo chapadera choperekedwa ku tchalitchichi, Mary wa ku Mongolia sanatembenuzidwe kukhala mzikiti ndipo anapitirizabe kukhala tchalitchi kuyambira zaka za m'ma 13 mpaka lero.
Momwe mungapezere Tchalitchi cha Maria Muhliotissa (Church of Bloody)
Kuchokera ku Sultanahmet kupita ku Tchalitchi cha Maria Muhliotissa (Church of Bloody): Tengani tramu ya T1 kuchokera ku siteshoni ya Sultanahmet kupita ku siteshoni ya Eminonu ndikusintha basi (nambala za basi: 99A, 99, 399c), tsikirani siteshoni ya Balat, ndikuyenda mozungulira mphindi 5-10.
Kuchokera ku Taksim kupita ku Tchalitchi cha Maria Muhliotissa (Church of Bloody): Tengani metro ya M1 kuchokera ku siteshoni ya Taksim kupita ku siteshoni ya Halic, sinthani basi (nambala za basi: 99A, 99, 399c), tulukani pa siteshoni ya Balat, ndikuyenda pafupifupi mphindi 5-10.
George Church and Ecumenical Patriarchate (Aya Georgios) (Aya Georgios)
Istanbul ndiye likulu la Matchalitchi Achikristu a Orthodox kwa zaka mazana ambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake pali mpingo womwe uli ndi dzina la Patriarchal Church. Patriarch ndi wofanana ndi Papa mu Chikhristu cha Orthodox ndipo mpando wa Chiyero Chake, lomwe ndi dzina lovomerezeka, ndi Istanbul. M'mbiri yakale, panali mipingo yambiri ya makolo akale ndipo mpando wa mpando wachifumu unasintha kangapo pakapita nthawi. Mpingo woyamba ndi wotchuka kwambiri wa makolo akale unali Hagia Sophia. Hagia Sophia atasinthidwa kukhala mzikiti, tchalitchi cha makolo adasamutsidwira ku Holy Apostles Church (Havariyun Monastery). Koma Mpingo wa Holy Apostles unawonongedwa chifukwa chomangidwa Msikiti wa Fatih ndipo tchalitchi cha makolo chinkafunikira kusamukanso ku Tchalitchi cha Pammakaristos. Kenako, Tchalitchi cha Pammakaristos chinasinthidwa kukhala mzikiti ndipo tchalitchi chachikulu chinasamuka kangapo kupita ku matchalitchi osiyanasiyana m’dera la Fener. Pomaliza, m’zaka za m’ma 17, St. George anakhala tchalitchi cha makolo akale ndipo tchalitchichi chidakali ndi udindo womwewo. Masiku ano padziko lonse lapansi Akhristu opitilira 300 miliyoni a Orthodox akutsatira tchalitchichi ngati tchalitchi chawo chachikulu.
Momwe mungafikire ku Tchalitchi cha Saint George ndi Ecumenical Patriarchate (Aya Georgios)
Kuchokera ku Sultanahmet kupita ku Saint George's Church ndi Ecumenical Patriarchate (Aya Georgios): Tengani tramu ya T1 kuchokera ku siteshoni ya Sultanahmet kupita ku siteshoni ya Eminonu ndikusintha basi (nambala za basi: 99A, 99, 399c), tsikirani siteshoni ya Balat, ndikuyenda mozungulira mphindi 5-10.
Kuchokera ku Taksim kupita ku Saint George's Church ndi Ecumenical Patriarchate (Aya Georgios): Tengani metro ya M1 kuchokera ku siteshoni ya Taksim kupita ku siteshoni ya Halic, sinthani basi (nambala za basi: 99A, 99, 399c), tulukani pa siteshoni ya Balat, ndikuyenda pafupifupi mphindi 5-10.
Steven Church (Sveti Stefan / Metal Church)
Tchalitchi cha St. Steven ndi tchalitchi chakale kwambiri ku Bulgaria mumzinda wa Istanbul. Potsatira chiphunzitso cha Orthodoxy cha Chikhristu, anthu a ku Bulgaria anali ndi maulaliki awo m'tchalitchi cha makolo kwa zaka mazana ambiri. Vuto laling’ono lokha linali chinenero. Anthu a ku Bulgaria sanamvetse ulalikiwo chifukwa ulalikiwo unali m’Chigiriki. Pachifukwa chimenechi, iwo anafuna kulekanitsa tchalitchi chawo mwa kukhala ndi mapemphero m’chinenero chawo. Ndi chilolezo cha Sultani, anamanga tchalitchi chawo chonse ndi zitsulo pamwamba pa matabwa. Zidutswa zachitsulozo zidapangidwa ku Vienna ndikubweretsedwa ku Istanbul kudzera pamtsinje wa Danube. Idatsegulidwa mchaka cha 1898, tchalitchichi chidakali bwino, makamaka pambuyo pokonzanso komaliza mchaka cha 2018.
Momwe mungafikire ku St. Steven Church (Sveti Stefan / Metal Church)
Kuchokera ku Sultanahmet kupita ku St. Steven Church (Sveti Stefan / Metal Church): Tengani tramu ya T1 kuchokera ku siteshoni ya Sultanahmet kupita ku siteshoni ya Eminonu ndikusintha basi (nambala za basi: 99A, 99, 399c), tsikirani siteshoni ya Balat, ndikuyenda mozungulira mphindi 5-10.
Kuchokera ku Taksim kupita ku St. Steven Church (Sveti Stefan / Metal Church): Tengani tramu ya T1 kuchokera ku siteshoni ya Sultanahmet kupita ku siteshoni ya Eminonu ndikusintha basi (nambala za basi: 99A, 99, 399c), tsikirani siteshoni ya Balat, ndikuyenda mozungulira mphindi 5-10.
Holy Trinity Church (Tchalitchi cha Aya Triada) ku Taksim
Ili mkati mwa mzinda watsopano wa Taksim, Holy Trinity Church ndi amodzi mwa matchalitchi a Greek Orthodox mumzinda wa Istanbul omwe ali bwino kwambiri. Mpingo umasungidwa bwino makamaka chifukwa cha malo ake. Malo ambiri odyera ndi mashopu omwe ali kunja kwa tchalitchicho ndi a tchalitchi. Izi zimapatsa mpingo ndalama zambiri kuti athe kukonzanso ndi ndalama zawo. Mipingo yambiri mumzindawu ili ndi mavuto azachuma chifukwa kulibe gulu lalikulu la Orthodox lomwe latsala ku Istanbul. Mpingo uwu ngakhale umapereka ndalama zosoweka komanso mipingo ina yambiri mumzindawu.
Momwe mungapezere Holy Trinity Church (Tchalitchi cha Aya Triada)
Kuchokera ku Sultanahmet kupita ku Holy Trinity Church (Aya Triada Church): Tengani tramu ya T1 kuchokera ku Sultanahmet station kupita ku Kabatas station, sinthani kupita ku F1 funicular kupita ku Taksim station, ndikuyenda mozungulira mphindi zitatu.
St. Anthony waku Padua Church
Ili mumsewu wa Istiklal, St. Anthony ndi mpingo wachiwiri waukulu kwambiri wa Chilatini ku Istanbul. Womanga nyumbayo ndi mmisiri yemweyo yemwe amamanga chipilala cha Republic ku Taksim Square, Giulio Mongeri. Tchalitchichi chilinso ndi nyumba zingapo zozungulira zomwe zimagwira ntchito ngati malo ogona anthu omwe ali ndi udindo mu tchalitchi komanso masitolo omwe amabweretsa ndalama ku tchalitchi kuchokera ku lendi. Ndi kalembedwe ka Neo-Gothic, tchalitchichi ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira pa Istiklal Street.
agwirizane Istiklal Street ndi Taksim Square Guided Tour ndi Istanbul E-pas ndi kudziwa zambiri za St. Anthony of Padua Church ndi Kalozera wovomerezeka waukadaulo.
Kuchokera ku Sultanahmet kupita ku St. Anthony of Padua Church: Tengani tramu ya T1 kuchokera ku Sultanahmet station kupita ku Kabatas station, sinthani kupita ku F1 funicular kupita ku Taksim station, ndikuyenda pafupifupi mphindi 10.
Mawu Otsiriza
Istanbul imatengedwa kuti ndi umodzi mwamizinda yomwe ili likulu lazachikhalidwe ndi zaluso. Pali mipingo yambiri ku Istanbul yokhala ndi mbiri zosiyanasiyana. Pitani ku mipingo yakale ku Istanbul; mudzadabwa ndi zakale ndi nkhani zawo.